In this article, we will take a close look at the directory structure and Linux file system. If you are a developer, are in the IT field or will join this field in the future. At that time, a deep understanding of Linux is very important.
What is a Linux file system?, You should know the rules!
The Linux file system is responsible for storing your system data and manage them. The file system can be defined as the mechanism behind storing and retrieving data. We will discuss hierarchies, and learn about systems in Linux files, and other Unixes later in this tutorial.
/bin
Contains binary files, or executables, of various programs. In many systems, this directory does not exist as an actual directory but acts as a symlink to the /usr/bin directory.
/boot
All the essential files needed to start the system are located here. You should not experiment with the contents of this directory unless you know what you are doing. Otherwise, you can damage the system itself and disrupt the Linux file system.
/dev
The /dev directory contains your system’s device files. These are file representations of USB drives, hard drives, Webcam, etc.
/etc
It is a standard convention to store system-wide configuration files such as User/Password, internet logins, mount points of partitions which are also stored here.
/home
This is the user’s personal folder located in the Linux file system. It can contain many subfolders based on the number of users on your device. Assuming you are the “itsmeit” user, you will be allocated the /home/itsmeit directory. When you log in, you should see a /home/itsmeit folder inside your Terminal. It is also denoted by: ~$ in the Bash shell
/lib
What Is a Linux File System? System in Linux with the directory /lib: the system library is located here. These are pieces of code used by your application to perform some task. Their examples include scripts that draw windows or send files.
/media
This directory is the mount point of plug and play devices such as external storage. It is a relatively newer addition.
/mnt
Old and hardcore Unix administrators used this directory to manually mount devices or partitions as required. Although not used very often, it is still in the Linux file system due to its historical importance.
/opt
Stands for optional and means keeping optional system files. It is used to host third-party applications that they have installed from the source.
/proc
It stores process files, kernel modules, and similar dynamic data. You should not interfere with this or you may render your system obsolete.
/root
It is similar to /home but for the system’s superuser. This is the directory that you will see when you switch to the root account.
/run
File system in Ubuntu Linux with /run directory: This is used to hold temporary data used by processes. Don’t mess around here unless you know what you’re doing.
/sbin
Likes /bin but contains only essential system binaries. Various daily used utilities like ls, cd, cp etc. are all located here. Don’t manipulate them.
/usr
The “use it for all” location is where various information is stored. These can include binaries, libraries, icons, manuals, etc.
/srv
Server directory. It contains the source files of the web application and contains other communication protocols.
/sys
Another virtual directory, such as /dev. It contains sensitive information and should not be tested unless the user knows what they are doing.
/tmp
System in Linux with /tmp directory, it is used to hold temporary values that will be deleted during system reboot.
/var
Contains several subdirectories to store things like logs, cache, etc. System in Linux, also known as Linux or VPS system, the /var directory contains web/app projects or it is also used to store manual data bankup files.
Above is a summary of some Linux file system, Hope it helps you. If you have any questions, leave a comment below!
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